Biological oceanography is the study of the living organisms in the oceans. The oceans are home to a vast array of marine life, including phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, and mammals. Phytoplankton are microscopic plants that form the base of the marine food web. Zooplankton are small animals that feed on phytoplankton, while fish and mammals are higher-level consumers.
Physical oceanography is the study of the physical properties of the oceans, including temperature, salinity, currents, and waves. The oceans are a vast body of water that covers over 361 million square kilometers, with an average depth of about 3,700 meters. The temperature of the oceans varies from -1.8°C to 30°C, depending on the location and depth. The salinity of the oceans is around 3.5%, which is the concentration of dissolved salts. Oceanography Savindra Singh Pdf Download Fixed
The major dissolved gases in the oceans are oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is essential for the survival of marine life, while nitrogen is a critical component of phytoplankton growth. Carbon dioxide is absorbed by the oceans from the atmosphere, which helps to regulate the Earth's climate. Biological oceanography is the study of the living